Conclusion {of this study}

This review has confirmed the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation therapy in improving the cognitive function of individuals with AD. This is the case, regardless of whether long-term CST, maintenance CST, or long-term CST is used. Nevertheless, the long-term CST appeared to be more effective. However, due to heterogeneity among the trials, as well as the low methodological quality of several of the included studies, additional rigorous, well-designed RCTs with larger sample sizes should be performed.